Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw network tsim, xaiv ntawm optical fiber cabling yog tswj los ntawm ob lub ntsiab txwv: kis tau tus mob yuav tsum tau thiab channel ncav cuag. Thaum ib leeg -mode fiber ntau (SMF) muaj kev ncav cuag zoo rau tsev kawm ntawv thiab WAN daim ntawv thov,multimode fiber ntau(MMF) tseem yog qhov nruab nrab tseem ceeb rau luv luv - ncav cuag hauv - cov ntaub ntawv chaw sib txuas vim yog tus nqi qis ntawm VCSEL-raws li transceivers.
Txawm li cas los xij,multimode fiber ntauyog nyob rau hauv nruj kev txwv deb uas tshwm sim los ntawm optical physics. Raws li cov qauv Ethernet hloov zuj zus los ntawm 10GBASE-SR mus rau 40GBASE-SR4 thiab 100GBASE-SR4, qhov tso cai channel ntev yuav txo qis. To taub covmultimode fiber ntau nrug txwvrau txhua hom kev kho qhov muag (OM) qeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom lub cev txheej txheem ua raws thiab teeb tsa kev ncaj ncees.
Kab lus no txheeb xyuas cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb, peev xwm bandwidth, thiabQhov siab tshaj plaws nyob deb rau multimode fiber ntauKev faib tawm xws li OM1 txog OM5.
Kev txwv lub cev ntawm Multimode Transmission
Qhov kev txwv deb ntawm cov tshuab kho qhov muag multimode feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm ob yam: Chromatic Dispersion thiab Attenuation (optical fais fab tuag).
Modal Dispersion thiab Intersymbol cuam tshuam
Tsis zoo li ib qho - hom fiber ntau, uas propagates ib hom teeb,multimode fiber ntaunta ib txoj kab uas hla loj dua (50µm lossis 62.5µm) uas txhawb nqa ntau pua hom kev nthuav tawm.
Thaum lub teeb mem tes tso rau hauv cov fiber ntau, cov qauv sib txawv taug kev sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev. High-kev txiav txim hom (txog ze ntawm lub cladding) siv txoj kev ntev dua li qis- hom kev txiav txim (txog ze ntawm lub axis). Qhov tshwm sim no, hu ua Differential Mode Delay (DMD), ua rau cov pulse optical nthuav tawm lub sijhawm.
Raws li kev sib kis tus nqi nce, lub caij nyoog ntawm cov khoom txo qis. Cov mem tes ntau dhau qhov tshwm sim hauv Intersymbol Interference (ISI), qhov twg cov khoom nyob ib sab sib tshooj, ua rau lub teeb liab nyeem tsis tau los ntawm tus txais. Qhov no yuav tsum tau luv luv cable ntev kom tswj tau qhov kev lees paub qhov yuam kev me ntsis (BER).
Bandwidth-Cov khoom nyob deb
Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm multimode cabling yog ntsuas los ntawm nws qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws Bandwidth (EMB), ntsuas hauv MHz·km.
Overfilled Launch (OFL):Siv rau kev ntsuas bandwidth nrog LED qhov chaw (OM1 / OM2).
Laser Optimized (EMB):Siv los ntsuas bandwidth nrog VCSEL qhov chaw (OM3/OM4/OM5).
Tus nqi EMB ntau dua qhia tau tias muaj peev xwm xa cov ntaub ntawv hla mus ntev dua ua ntej modal dispersion degrades lub teeb liab.
Technical Specifications los ntawm Fiber Hom
Lub Koom Haum Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam (TIA) thiab ISO / IEC txhais tsib qib ntawm ntau hom fiber ntau. Txhua tiam yog txhais los ntawm nws txoj kab uas hla, lub teeb qhov chaw optimization, thiab bandwidth muaj peev xwm.
OM1 thiab OM2 (Legacy Standards)
OM1 thiab OM2 fibers tau tsim los rau Fast Ethernet thiab Gigabit Ethernet daim ntawv thov siv cov teeb ci LED.
OM1 (62.5 / 125 µm):
Jacket Xim:Txiv kab ntxwv.
Bandwidth:200 MHz · km (ntawm 850nm).
Distance Limitation:Muaj peev xwm ntawm 275 meters ntawm 1 Gbps. Ntawm 10 Gbps, lubmultimode fiber ntau nrug txwvpoob mus rau 33 meters, ua rau nws tsis haum rau niaj hnub topology.
OM2 (50/125 µm):
Jacket Xim:Txiv kab ntxwv.
Bandwidth:500 MHz · km (ntawm 850nm).
Distance Limitation:Muaj peev xwm ntawm 550 meters ntawm 1 Gbps tab sis txwv rau 82 meters ntawm 10 Gbps.
Nco tseg: OM1 thiab OM2 tau pom dav dav rau kev teeb tsa tshiab uas xav tau tus nqi siab dua 1 Gbps.
OM3 (Laser-Qhov zoo tshaj 50 µm)
OM3 tau cim qhov kev hloov mus rau Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) optimization. Nws yog qhov nkag - theem tus qauv rau 10 Gigabit Ethernet.
Jacket Xim:Aqua.
Siv tau Modal Bandwidth (EMB):2000 MHz · km.
Daim ntawv thov:OM3 txhawb 10GBASE-SR mus txog300 meters. Rau siab -kev sib luag optics ceev (40GBASE-SR4 thiab 100GBASE-SR4),max ntev ntawm multimode fiber ntauyog txwv rau100 meters.
OM4 (High -Bandwidth Laser-Qhov zoo tshaj 50 µm)
OM4 muab qhov tshwj xeeb bandwidth ntau dua li OM3, txo qhov sib txawv hom ncua sijhawm. Qhov no tso cai rau kom ncav cuag thiab siab dua qhov kev poob qis.
Jacket Xim:Aqua lossis Violet (Erika Violet).
Siv tau Modal Bandwidth (EMB):4700 MHz · km.
Daim ntawv thov:OM4 txuas ntxiv 10GBASE-SR ncav cuag5 50 m. Tseem ceeb heev rau cov ntaub ntawv chaw nraub qaum, nws txhawb 40G / 100G daim ntawv thov mus txog150 meters.
OM5 (Wideband Multimode Fiber)
OM5 tau teev tseg los ntawm TIA-492AAAE thiab yog tsim los txhawb Short Wave Division Multiplexing (SWDM).
Jacket Xim:Txiv qaub ntsuab.
Txuj Ci:Tsis zoo li OM3 / OM4, uas yog optimized feem ntau rau 850nm, OM5 tau teev tseg rau ntau yam wavelengths ntawm 850nm thiab 953nm.
Kev Qhia Txog Qhov Ncauj:Rau tus qauv IEEE 802.3 transceivers (siv ib lub wavelength ntawm 850nm), OM5 muaj tib yam.Qhov siab tshaj plaws nyob deb rau multimode fiber ntauua om4. Nws qhov zoo dua yog pom tau tsuas yog thaum siv SWDM4 transceivers los xa ntau yam teeb liab hla ib khub fiber ntau.
Distance Limit Reference Table
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhovfiber optic cable max ntevtxhawb los ntawm tus qauv IEEE 802.3Ethernetdaim ntawv thov.
|
Qeb Fiber |
100 Mbps (Fast Ethernet) |
1 Gbps (1000BASE-SX) |
10 Gbps (10GBASE-SR) |
40 Gbps (40GBASE-SR4) |
100 Gbps (100GBASE-SR4) |
|
OM 1 |
2000 m |
275 m |
33 m |
Tsis Txhawb |
Tsis Txhawb |
|
OM 2 |
2000 m |
550 m |
82 m |
Tsis Txhawb |
Tsis Txhawb |
|
OM 3 |
2000 m |
550 m |
300 m |
100 m |
70 m |
|
OM 4 |
2000 m |
550 m |
550 m |
150 m |
100 m |
|
OM 5 |
2000 m |
550 m |
550 m |
150 m |
100 m |
Kev txiav txim siab engineering rau qhov siab tshaj plaws
Ua tiav qhov theoreticalmax nrug ntawm multimode fiber ntauyuav tsum tau nruj me ntsis ua raws li kev sib txuas cov peev nyiaj poob. Lub cev cable tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov channel; insertion poob los ntawm kev sib txuas cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb cuam tshuam txog kev ncav cuag.
Channel Insertion Poob nyiaj
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi nce, cov nyiaj tso cai kho qhov muag poob qis.
10GBASE-SR (OM3):Kwv yees li ntawm . 2.6 dB pob nyiaj siv.
40GBASE-SR4 (OM3):Kwv yees li ntawm . 1.9 dB pob nyiaj siv.
Yog hais tias ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm kab txuas nrog ntau lub vaj huam sib luag, cov kab ntawv, lossis tus ntoo khaub lig- txuas, tag nrhopoob poobtej zaum yuav tshaj qhov transceiver qhov rhiab heev pib ua ntej lub siab tshaj plaws cable ntev mus txog. Cov kws kho tsheb yuav tsum suav tag nrho cov kev poob uas siv cov qauv:
Txuas Poob=(Cable Length × dB/km) + (Connector Pairs × Loss/pair)
Siv Ultra-Low Poob (ULL) MTP/MPO connectors (feem ntau<0.35 dB) is often required to support maximum distance runs in 40G/100G architectures.
Transceiver Variance (Standard vs. Extended Reach)
Qhov kev ncua deb tau teev nyob rau hauv cov lus saum toj no yog hais txog tus qauv IEEE specifications. Txawm li cas los xij, "Extended Reach" (eSR4 / CSR4) transceivers muaj nyob hauv khw.
Txheem 100G-SR4 ntawm OM4:100 meters.
Proprietary 100G-eSR4 ntawm OM4:Mus txog 300 meters.
Cov no tsis yog -tus qauv optics siv lub zog xa hluav taws xob ntau dua lossis cov neeg txais kev nkag siab ntau dua los kov yeejmultimode fiber ntau nrug txwv. Kev sib raug zoo yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas nrog lub chaw tsim khoom hloov.
Txoj Kev Xaiv Kab Mob
Thaum tsim cov txheej txheem lub cev, cov txheej txheem hauv qab no yog cov txheej txheem kev xaiv cov qauv:
Mus txog <100 Meters:OM3 muab cov bandwidth txaus rau 10G, 40G, thiab 100G. Nws yog tus nqi tshaj plaws -kev daws teeb meem zoo rau intra- khib thiab Sab saum toj- ntawm -Rack (ToR) mus rau Xaus- ntawm -Row (EoR) kev sib txuas.
Mus txog 100 - 150 Meters:OM4 yog qhov yuav tsum tau txhawb nqa 40G / 100G kis tus nqi. OM3 tsis txaus rau cov kev ncua deb raws li tus qauv SR4 raws tu qauv.
Mus txog> 150 Meters:Rau kev sib txuas siab tshaj 150 meters, Tib -Mode Fiber (OS2) yog tus qauv kev pom zoo. Thaummultimode fiber ntauyog lub cev muaj peev xwm kis tau 1G lossis 10G dhau qhov kev ncua ntev, nws tsis tuaj yeem txhawb kev tsiv teb tsaws mus rau 40G / 100G tshaj li 150-meter txwv. Deploying Single-Mode Fiber kom paub meej yav tom ntej nrog PSM4 lossis DR4 architectures.
Xaus
Covmultimode fiber ntau nrug txwvyog ib qho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cable's Effective Modal Bandwidth thiab tus nqi sib kis ntawm cov khoom siv nquag. Thaum OM1 thiab OM2 fibers qub qub qub dhau los rau siab -kev sib txuas ceev, OM3 thiab OM4 tseem yog tus qauv kev lag luam rau luv luv- mus txog cov ntaub ntawv chaw siv.
Rau cov phiaj xwm network, qhov tseem ceeb demarcation point yog 150 meters. Hauv qab no qhov pib, OM4 muaj qhov zoo tshaj qhov sib npaug ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab tus nqi transceiver. Tshaj li qhov pib no, Ib leeg-Mode Fiber (OS2) yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev ncaj ncees thiab kev txhawb nqa rau cov qauv Ethernet tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej.
FAQ
Puas yog OM5 fiber ntau zoo dua OM4 rau tus qauv 10G / 40G / 100G tes hauj lwm?
Tsis yog rau cov kev txwv nyob deb. Rau ib txwm ua tib yam optics (SR4) uas siv ib lub wavelength (850nm), OM5 muab qhov kev ncua deb tib yam li OM4 (xws li 100m rau 100GBASE-SR4). OM5 tsuas yog superior thaum siv SWDM (Short Wave Division Multiplexing) transceivers, qhov twg nws tso cai rau ntau lub wavelengths mus rau tib lub fiber ntau. Yog tias koj tsis siv SWDM optics, OM5 tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntxiv txog OM4.
Vim li cas qhov kev ncua deb rau 40G thiab 100G luv dua 10G?
Vim Modal Dispersion. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi nce (lub sij hawm mem tes txo qis), lub optical receiver ua ntau rhiab heev rau "sib nqus smearing" (dispersion) tshwm sim los ntawm lub teeb coj txawv txoj hauv kev los ntawm cov tub ntxhais fiber ntau. Ib qho me me ntawm cov teeb liab sib kis uas tau txais ntawm 10Gbps dhau los ua qhov tsis ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm 100Gbps, yuam kom lub cev qhov siab tshaj plaws kom txo qis kom muaj kev ncaj ncees.
Kuv yuav tsum hloov ntawm Multimode mus rau ib qho -Mode Fiber?
Txoj cai "150-Meter Rule" yog qhov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam.
Hauv qab 150 meters: Multimode (OM4) feem ntau yog tus nqi ntau dua - siv tau vim pheej yig dua optics.
Tshaj 150 meters: Ib leeg-Hom (OS2) raug pom zoo.
Puas yog OM4 fiber ntau rov qab siv tau nrog OM3?
Yog, tag nrho rov qab tau tshaj.OM4 fiber ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb "siab dua spec" version ntawm OM3. Koj tuaj yeem nruab OM4 cabling hnub no thiab siv nws nrog cov laus 10G OM3 transceivers. Qhov txuas yuav ua haujlwm li qub.
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