Thaum tib neeg tshawb nrhiav GPON hauv FTTH, lawv feem ntau sim ua kom tsis sib haum xeeb ob qho tib si tab sis txawv cov tswv yim. GPON (Gigabit-muaj peev xwm Passive Optical Network) yog cov cuab yeej siv fiber ntau uas txhais los ntawmITU-T G.984 txheem series. FTTH (Fiber mus rau Lub Tsev) yog ib qho qauv xa tawm uas siv fiber ntau txuas mus rau txhua qhov chaw rau cov neeg siv khoom. Hauv luv, FTTH piav qhiaqhov twgfiber ntau mus; GPON piav qhiaua li caskev sib koom nkag network tom qab qhov kev sib txuas fiber ntau yog tsim thiab tswj.
GPON tseem cuam tshuam nrog FTTH vim tias nws txhawb nqa taw tes- mus rau- ntau qhov kev siv fiber ntau siv passive optical splitters, ua haujlwm ntawm 2.488 Gbit / s downstream thiab 1.244 Gbit / s ntws ntws raws li tau teev tseg hauv ITU-T G.984.2, thiab tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm bandwidth, ncav cuag, thiab tus nqi ua haujlwm tau zoo yog vim li cas GPON tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem nkag mus rau hauv thaj chaw thiab teeb pom kev zoo -Kev lag luam FTTH xa tawm thoob ntiaj teb. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas kev lag luam, ntau dua 65 feem pua ntawm cov tshiab fiber ntau rollouts nyob rau hauv 2024 tseem yog raws li GPON technology.
GPON yog dab tsi hauv FTTH?
GPON sawv cev rau Gigabit-muaj peev xwm Passive Optical Network. Nws tau pom zoo thawj zaug los ntawm ITU-T hauv 2003 thiab tau hloov kho ntau zaus txij li thaum. Tus qauv qhia cov txheej txheem lub cev, cov txheej txheem kev sib txuas lus, thiab cov txheej txheem tswj hwm rau kev sib koom ua ke fiber ntau uas nqa cov ntaub ntawv, suab, thiab yees duab hla ib qho chaw kho qhov muag.
FTTH, los ntawm qhov sib txawv, tsis yog tus qauv siv thev naus laus zis tab sis kev xa tawm cov qauv. Tus neeg teb xov tooj tuaj yeem tsim FTTH network siv GPON, XGS-PON, EPON, lossis txawm tias nquag siv Ethernet. GPON tsuas yog qhov kev xaiv dav tshaj plaws vim tias nws tso cai rau ib qho khoom noj fiber ntau los ntawm lub chaw haujlwm hauv nruab nrab los ua haujlwm rau ntau tus neeg siv khoom los ntawm passive.PLC splitters, zam qhov xav tau rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob hauv thaj chaw.
Nyob rau hauv ib txwm GPON-raws li FTTH xa tawm, tus neeg teb xov tooj muab kev nkag mus rau hauv internet, VoIP xov tooj, thiab IPTV hla tib txoj kev sib koom ua ke. Rau cov chaw nyob hauv nroog suburban rollouts thiab lub teeb me me - thiab - lag luam nruab nrab (SMB) profiles, uas triple - ua si muaj peev xwm ntawm ib qho kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo feem ntau yog qhov kev sib cav muaj zog tshaj plaws rau kev xaiv GPON tshaj lwm txoj hauv kev.
GPON Architecture: Yuav ua li cas GPON FTTH Network Ua Haujlwm
GPON FTTH network txav tsheb khiav los ntawm cov chaw muab kev pabcuam mus rau ntau tus neeg siv kawg los ntawm qhov taw tes - mus rau -multipoint optical design. Lub teeb liab downstream yog tshaj tawm los ntawm lub hauv paus chaw ua hauj lwm mus rau tag nrho cov kev sib txuas cov neeg siv khoom, thaum lub tsheb thauj mus los ntawm txhua tus neeg tau txais kev sib koom ua ke los ntawm ib lub sij hawm - faib ntau yam nkag (TDMA) cov txheej txheem tau teev tseg hauv ITU-T G.984.3 kom sib kis ntawm ONTs sib txawv tsis sib tsoo.
Cov txheej txheem ua raws li txoj hauv kev. Ntawm qhov chaw muab kev pabcuam, OLT (Optical Line Terminal) sib sau ua ke ntawm cov tub ntxhais network thiab xa mus rau hauv lub feeder fiber. Qhov feeder fiber ntau ncav cuag qhov tsis pom kev pom qhov sib cais, uas faib cov teeb liab kho qhov muag thiab faib nws hla ntau qhov poob fibers ua rau cov neeg siv khoom. Ntawm txhua qhov chaw nyob, ib qho ONT (Optical Network Terminal) lossis ONU (Optical Network Unit) tau txais cov teeb liab kho qhov muag thiab hloov nws mus rau hluav taws xob cuam tshuam -feem ntau Ethernet, Wi-Fi, lossis analog suab chaw nres nkoj- uas cov neeg siv khoom siv tau.
Vim hais tias lub splitter yuav tsum tsis muaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab tsis muaj hluav taws xob ua haujlwm, cov nroj tsuag sab nraud ntawm lub hauv paus chaw ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg siv khoom yog tag nrho passive. Qhov kev tsim qauv no txo qis kev saib xyuas thaj chaw, tshem tawm qhov xav tau rau cov chaw taws teeb noj mov, thiab yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb uas cov tswv lag luam nyiam GPON rau loj - teev FTTH rollouts.
GPON Cheebtsam hauv FTTH: OLT, Splitter, ODN, thiab ONT/ONU
OLT (Optical Line Terminal)
OLT zaum ntawm tus neeg muab kev pabcuam lub chaw ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab lossis sib pauv. Nws ua haujlwm raws li qhov chaw tswj hwm ntawm GPON system: nws tswj hwm kev faib tawm bandwidth ntawm Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment (DBA), tswj xyuas cov neeg siv khoom pov thawj, thiab cuam tshuam nrog kev sib sau ua ke lossis cov tub ntxhais network. Thaum npaj kev xa tawm GPON, OLT qhov chaw nres nkoj ceev, kev muaj peev xwm nce siab, thiab kev tswj xyuas muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab pes tsawg PON chaw nres nkoj-thiab yog li muaj pes tsawg tus neeg siv khoom- ib lub chassis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa.
Optical Splitter thiab ODN
Optical splitter yog cov khoom siv uas ua rau ib qho khoom noj fiber ntau los pab ntau tus neeg siv khoom fibers. Nws zaum hauv qhov dav ODN (Optical Distribution Network), uas suav nrog tag nrho cov fiber ntau passive,splice kaw, cov thawv xa khoom, thiab lwm yam infrastructure ntawm OLT thiab ONTs.
GPON txhawb kev sib cais ntawm 1: 128 raws li G.984 lub cev txheej txheej tshwj xeeb, txawm tias 1: 32 thiab 1: 64 yog cov kev teeb tsa feem ntau hauv qhov tiag - kev xa tawm hauv ntiaj teb. Kev sib cais ntau dua ua rau cov neeg siv khoom ntau dua rau ib qho khoom noj fiber ntau tab sis qhia ntau dua qhov muag pom qhov poob, uas txo cov peev nyiaj siv hluav taws xob kho qhov muag thiab kev txwv mus txog. Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum sib npaug sib npaug sib npaug, qhov deb ntawm fiber ntau, splice poob, thiab kev sib txuas tsis ua haujlwm raws li ib qho kev tsim qauv-tsis xaiv lawv ntawm nws tus kheej.
ONT thiab ONU
Ob nqe lus xa mus rau cov neeg siv khoom -sab optical termination khoom. Hauv kev nruj ITU-T kev siv, ONT yog ib qho - cov neeg siv khoom siv nyob rau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, thaum ONU tuaj yeem ua haujlwm rau ntau tus neeg siv khoom (piv txwv li, hauv ntau- tsev nyob). Hauv kev sib tham hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub, ob lo lus feem ntau siv sib hloov. ONT lossis ONU hloov cov teeb liab kho qhov muag mus rau Ethernet thiab lwm qhov kev pabcuam cuam tshuam, thiab nws txoj kev tswj hwm yog tswj los ntawm OLT los ntawm OMCI (ONU Management thiab Control Interface) raws tu qauv tau teev tseg hauv ITU-T G.988.
Vim li cas GPON tseem siv dav hauv FTTH Kev xa tawm
Txawm hais tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm 10G-chav kawm PON cov qauv, GPON tseem ua tus thawj coj tshiab FTTH tsim hauv ntau thaj tsam. Ntau yam piav qhia nws lub zog nyob ruaj khov.
Muaj bandwidth txaus rau cov kev pabcuam hauv tsev loj.Tus qauv GPON cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi them rau feem ntau ntawm cov chaw nyob broadband, IPTV, VoIP, thiab txuas nrog - rooj siv hauv tsev. Nyob rau hauv 1:32 cais configuration, txhua tus neeg siv tau nkag mus rau kwv yees li 75 Mbit / s ntawm cov peev txheej qis hauv nruab nrab-ntau dua hauv kev xyaum, vim tias tsis yog txhua tus neeg siv xa mus ib txhij. Rau cov neeg ua haujlwm uas nws cov kev pabcuam theem siab tshaj plaws ntawm 500 Mbit / s lossis 1 Gbit / s sib koom, GPON ua haujlwm tsis muaj teeb meem.
Txo sab nraud- cov nqi cog qoob loo.Vim tias ODN yog qhov ua tsis tiav, cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis txhob siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, roj teeb thaub qab, lossis huab cua- tswj cov ntaub thaiv hauv thaj teb. Nyob rau hauv suburban thiab nyob deb nroog rollouts qhov chaw txee yog kim los yog logistically nyuaj, qhov kom zoo dua no muaj peev xwm txo tau ob qho tib si capex thiab tu nqi tu ncua.
Cov ntsiab lus pov thawj- rau- ntau txoj kev lag luam.Ib qhov chaw nres nkoj OLT ntxiv rau ib qho khoom noj fiber ntau tuaj yeem ncav cuag 32 lossis 64 lub tsev, uas muaj peev xwm ntau dua - ua haujlwm tau zoo dua li kev khiav haujlwm fiber ntau thiab chaw nres nkoj nquag rau txhua tus neeg siv khoom, raws li kev siv Ethernet xav tau. Qhov kev sib koom no -fiber qauv yog lub hauv paus ntawm GPON tus nqi kom zoo dua nyob rau hauv FTTH, thiab nws yog vim li cas cov tswv lag luam hauv kev lag luam los ntawm cov teb chaws Asia mus rau Latin America tseem xaiv GPON rau greenfield tsim.
Kev sib koom ua ke -pab txhim kho txoj kev.ITU-T tsim XGS-PON (G.9807.1) rauua haujlwm ntawm qhov sib txawv wavelength los ntawm GPON, tso cai rau ob qho tib si thev naus laus zis los qhia tib ODN fiber ntau thiab cov khoom sib cais ib txhij. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias tus neeg teb xov tooj tuaj yeem pib tsiv teb tsaws siab -xav tau cov neeg siv rau XGS-PON yam tsis tau hloov cov nroj tsuag sab nraud lossis cuam tshuam cov neeg siv GPON uas twb muaj lawm. Kev nqis peev hauv kev tsim vaj tsev tsis zoo yog khaws cia, uas ua rau GPON tsis yog qhov kev xaiv tam sim no nkaus xwb tab sis qhov pib muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm PON txoj hauv kev ntev dua.
Qhov twg GPON muaj txwv
GPON tsis yog cov lus teb zoo rau txhua qhov haujlwm FTTH, thiab kev nkag siab txog nws cov ciam teb yog qhov tseem ceeb raws li kev nkag siab nws lub zog.
Sib koom bandwidth nyob rau hauv siab.Hauv qhov ntom ntom ntau-chav tsev nyob (MDU) ib puag ncig nrog kev siv hnyav ib txhij- 4K / 8K streaming, huab gaming, loj cov ntaub ntawv uploads- qhov sib koom 2.4 Gbit / s downstream yeeb nkab tuaj yeem dhau los ua ib qho fwj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev sib faib siab. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tsom mus rau qib kev lag luam zoo lossis cov kev pabcuam ntau-gigabit symmetrical yuav pom GPON asymmetric 2.4 / 1.2 Gbit / s muaj peev xwm txwv.
Split ratio, nrug, thiab kho qhov muag pob nyiaj siv yog sib cuam tshuam.A 1: 64 phua qhia txog kwv yees li 18-21 dB ntawm kev nkag los ntawm lub splitter ib leeg, ua ntej suav txog fiber ntau attenuation, splice poob, thiabconnector insertion poob. GPON's Class B + optics muab nyiaj siv kho qhov muag siab tshaj plaws ntawm 28 dB. Hauv kev xyaum, qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias qhov 1: 64 sib cais hnyav hnyav mus txog -qee zaum qis dua 10 km- thiab tawm me me rau yav tom ntej splices lossis kho. Kho qhov sib faib piv raws li qhov kev txiav txim siab ib leeg yam tsis muaj qauv rau tag nrhooptical poob nyiaj txiagyog ib qho kev npaj ua yuam kev tshaj plaws hauv GPON kev xa tawm.
Kev thov yav tom ntej tuaj yeem tuaj sai dua li qhov xav tau.Symmetrical siab- cov kev pabcuam ceev, 5G me- xovtooj rov qab, thiab kev sib txuas ntawm huab cua ua haujlwm tau tsav cov kev xav tau ntawm bandwidth nce siab. Yog tias tus neeg teb xov tooj twb pom cov teeb meem xav tau muaj zog hauv cov cheeb tsam no, ntsuas XGS-PON los ntawm qhov pib- dua li tsis npaj ib nrab - hloov kho lub neej- tuaj yeem zam kev cuam tshuam thiab raug nqi rov qab.
GPON vs. XGS-PON vs. Active Ethernet: Ib qho piv txwv
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb uas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau FTTH kev npaj thiab kev xaiv thev naus laus zis.
| Parameter | GPON (G.984) | XGS-PON (G.9807.1) | Active Ethernet (P2P) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Downstream / Upstream | 2.488 / 1.244 Gbit / s | 9.953 / 9.953 Gbit / s (symmetrical) | 1G lossis 10G rau ib tus neeg siv khoom (mob siab) |
| Bandwidth qauv | Sib koom (TDMA) | Sib koom (TDMA) | Dedicated rau tus neeg siv khoom |
| Hom cais piv | 1:32 o 1: 64 | 1:32 lossis 1:64 (mus txog 1:128) | N/A (point-rau-point) |
| Max lub cev ncav cuag | 20 km (kev ncua deb) | 20km ua | Nyob ntawm optics (feem ntau 10-80 km) |
| Sab nraum tsob nroj | Passive (tsis muaj zog teb) | Passive (tsis muaj zog teb) | Active keyboards hauv teb |
| Symmetry | Asymmetrical | Symmetrical | Symmetrical |
| Coexistence ntawm tib ODN | Yog (nrog XGS-PON ntawm WDM) | Yog (nrog GPON ntawm WDM) | Sib cais fiber ntau |
| Zoo tshaj plaws | Chaw nyob FTTH, lub teeb SMB, suburban / nyob deb nroog rollouts | Ntau -gig thaj chaw, kev pabcuam kev lag luam, 5G backhaul | Enterprise lub tsev kawm ntawv, siab -SLA kev lag luam, mob siab rau-bandwidth yuav tsum tau |
| Tus nqi txheeb ze rau ib tus neeg siv khoom | qis tshaj | Nruab nrab | Siab tshaj |
Thaum xaiv GPON:Tus neeg teb xov tooj cov kev pabcuam theem yog thaj chaw broadband, IPTV yooj yim, thiab VoIP; cov neeg siv khoom ntom ntom haum rau 1:32 lossis 1:64 cais hauv cov peev nyiaj kho qhov muag; thiab tus nqi-rau-tsev- dhau yog tus tsav tsheb txiav txim siab.
Thaum twg los xaiv XGS-PON:Symmetrical multi-gigabit cov kev pabcuam yog ib feem ntawm qhov ze - cov khoom lag luam cov lus qhia; tus neeg teb xov tooj xav tau headroom rau 5G backhaul lossis kev lag luam Ethernet cov kev pabcuam ntawm tib PON; los yog ib qho chaw cog qoob loo yuav tsum yog yav tom ntej - pov thawj txij hnub ib. Raws li covFiber Broadband Association's 2024 daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas xa tawm, ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm North American tam sim no tab tom tsim FTTH tes hauj lwm tshiab ntawm XGS-PON thaum txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm GPON ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas twb muaj lawm.
Thaum xaiv Active Ethernet:Txoj haujlwm xav kom muaj kev lav phib xaub rau ib tus neeg siv khoom, xws li kev lag luam hauv tsev kawm ntawv network lossis qib siab -SLA cov tsev lag luam, thiab qhov project kev lag luam pom zoo siab dua rau - cov khoom siv thiab cov nqi fiber ntau.
Tswv yim npaj tswv yim rau GPON FTTH Projects
Txhais cov kev pabcuam sib xyaw ua ntej xaiv tshuab
Pib los ntawm kev teev npe cov kev pabcuam uas lub network yuav tsum xa: thaj chaw broadband tiers, IPTV raws, VoIP kab, SMB Ethernet, mobile backhaul. Qhov xav tau bandwidth rau ib tus neeg siv khoom thiab qhov sib luag ntawm kev khiav tsheb yuav qhia rau koj seb GPON puas txaus lossis seb XGS-PON yuav tsum yog lub hauv paus. Xaiv tus qauv PON ua ntej qhia meej lub hom phiaj kev pabcuam yog ib qho yuam kev tshaj plaws hauv FTTH kev npaj.
Ua qauv rau cov nyiaj siv kho qhov muag raws li kev ua tiav
Optical poob accumulates thoob plaws txhua lub caij hauv txoj kev: fiber ntau attenuation (kwv yees li 0.35 dB / km ntawm 1310 nm rau tus qauv - hom fiber ntau), splitter insertion poob, splice poob, thiab connector poob. A 1:32 PLC splitter ib leeg qhia kwv yees li 15-17 dB ntawm kev poob. Ntxiv 10 km ntawm fiber ntau, ib tug puv tes ntawm splices, thiab connectors ntawm thaj vaj huam sib luag, thiab tag nrho cov poob yuav mus txog los yog tshaj Class B + txwv. Ib txwm ua qauv ntawm cov ntsiab lus no ua ke ua ntej cog lus rau kev sib cais. Rau qhov tob tob txog yuav ua li casfiber ntau optic splitterscuam tshuam rau kev tsim network, sab laj splitter specifications haum rau koj npaj ODN topology.
Npaj txoj kev txhim kho thaum pib tsim
Yog tias thaj chaw pabcuam yuav xav tau ntau yam sib luag -gigabit muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv tsib mus rau xya xyoo, khaws cov kev xaiv rau overlay XGS-PON ntawm tib ODN txij thaum pib. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias xaiv cov splitters thiab fiber ntau uas txhawb nqa XGS-PON wavelength plan (1577 nm downstream, 1270 nm upstream) thiab xyuas kom OLT chassis tuaj yeem txais combo PON kab ntawv. Retrofitting txhim kho kev muaj peev xwm tom qab lub network nyob yog kim dua thiab cuam tshuam.
suav nrog ONT/ONU kev tswj lub neej
Cov neeg siv khoom - sab khoom tsis yog lub thawv ntawm ntug xwb. Kev npaj, kev tswj hwm firmware, kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas chaw taws teeb, thiab thaum kawg kho vajtse kho tshiab txhua yam yuav tsum tau npaj. Raws li cov neeg siv khoom loj hlob tuaj, tus nqi ua haujlwm ntawm kev tswj hwm ntau txhiab ONTs tuaj yeem tshaj li tus nqi pib thawj zaug yog tias kev tswj hwm platform thiab cov txheej txheem tsis tau tsim los ntawm qhov pib. Thaum xaiv ONTs, xyuas kom meejfiber ntau optic connectorsthiab cov ntaub ntawv muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog ib puag ncig kev teeb tsa- sab hauv desktop ONTs rau ib leeg- tsev neeg, SFP-raws li ONUs rau MDU risers, thiab ruggedized units rau sab nraum zoov.
Feem ntau yuam kev hauv GPON FTTH Deployments
Tsis meej pem GPON nrog FTTH yog qhov xav tsis thoob, txawm tias hauv kev sib tham. FTTH yog qhov kev xa tawm architecture; GPON yog ib qho ntawm ntau yam kev siv thev naus laus zis uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm rau nws. Kev sib xyaw cov ntsiab lus no ua rau muaj kev sib tham tsis meej, cov neeg muag khoom tsis raug cai, thiab kev npaj tsis raug. Rau kev saib dav dav ntawm FTTH xa tawm qauv suav nrog FTTN thiab FTTB, saib qhov noqhia kev tsim FTTH network.
Xaiv qhov sib cais sib cais hauv kev sib cais- tsis tas yuav suav nrog ib txhij rau kev ncav cuag, fiber ntau zoo, suav nrog kev sib txuas, thiab kev tso nyiaj rau yav tom ntej splice - yog lwm qhov yuam kev. Ib qho 1: 64 phua yuav zoo li ntxim nyiam ntawm ib daim ntawv teev npe ntawm tus nqi ntawm tus neeg siv khoom, tab sis nws tuaj yeem tawm hauv lub network tsis muaj qhov muag kho qhov muag rau kev kho, ntxiv splices, lossis yav tom ntej splitter reconfiguration.
Tsis quav ntsej cov kauj ruam hloov tshiab tom ntej yog qhov thib peb qhov kev puas tsuaj loj. Txawm hais tias GPON yog cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no, qhov kev tsim kho tsis raug tsim los yuav xav tau 20 xyoo lossis ntau dua. Cov haujlwm uas tsis xav txog yuav ua li cas ODN yuav txhawb nqa rau yav tom ntej XGS-PON lossis 50G-PON overlay pheej hmoo xauv tus neeg teb xov tooj rau hauv kev hloov kho tsheb thauj khoom kim tom qab.
Cov lus nug nquag
Puas yog GPON zoo ib yam li FTTH?
Tsis yog. FTTH piav qhia txog lub network architecture uas fiber ntau mus txog tus neeg siv khoom lub tsev. GPON yog ib qho kev siv thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb- txhais los ntawm ITU-T G.984 tus qauv- siv los xa cov kev pabcuam dav dav tshaj qhov fiber ntau. FTTH network kuj tuaj yeem tsim nrog XGS-PON, EPON, lossis nquag Ethernet.
Qhov txawv ntawm ONT thiab ONU yog dab tsi?
Hauv ITU-T cov lus siv, ONT (Optical Network Terminal) yog tus neeg siv khoom siv - sab khoom siv rau ib tus neeg siv khoom, thaum ONU (Optical Network Unit) tuaj yeem ua haujlwm rau ntau tus neeg siv khoom-piv txwv li, muab kev pabcuam rau ntau lub tsev nyob hauv MDU. Hauv kev siv ntau yam kev lag luam, ob lo lus feem ntau raug kho raws li qhov sib txawv.
Puas yog GPON zoo dua XGS-PON?
Tsis yog universally zoo dua; lawv ua hauj lwm sib txawv. GPON yog tus nqi ntau dua -zoo rau thaj chaw FTTH qhov twg asymmetric bandwidth mus txog 2.4 Gbit / s sib koom txaus. XGS-PON muab kev sib koom ua ke 10 Gbit / s muaj peev xwm sib koom thiab yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua thaum ntau -gigabit cov kev pabcuam, kev lag luam Ethernet, lossis 5G backhaul nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia. Ob leeg tuaj yeem koom ua ke ntawm tib lub fiber ntau, yog li ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm xa GPON pib thiab muab XGS-PON raws li qhov xav tau loj hlob.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib faib piv yog ntau hauv GPON?
Qhov feem ntau siv sib faib sib faib yog 1:32 thiab 1:64. Thaum G.984 tus qauv txhawb nqa mus txog 1: 128, kev sib cais ntau dua siv nyiaj siv kho qhov muag ntau dua thiab txo qhov siab tshaj plaws. Nyob rau hauv suburban thaj chaw xa tawm, 1:32 feem ntau muaj qhov sib npaug zoo ntawm cov neeg siv khoom ntom ntom thiab cov npoo kho qhov muag. Cov cheeb tsam hauv nroog hnyav qee zaum siv 1: 64, tab sis tsuas yog thaum cov fiber ntau nyob deb txaus kom nyob twj ywm hauv cov peev nyiaj siv hluav taws xob.
Puas yog GPON symmetrical?
Tsis yog. Tus qauv GPON yog asymmetric: 2.488 Gbit / s downstream thiab 1.244 Gbit / s ntws. Rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev sib luag bandwidth-xws li kev lag luam huab thaub qab, kev sib tham hauv video- hnyav ib puag ncig, lossis 5G me-cell backhaul-XGS-PON (symmetric 10 Gbit / s) yog qhov tsim nyog siv tshuab.
GPON puas tuaj yeem txhawb IPTV thiab VoIP?
Yog lawm. GPON tau tsim los ntawm qhov pib los nqa triple -kev pabcuam ua si: cov ntaub ntawv, suab, thiab video. Lub GEM (GPON Encapsulation Method) framing txhawb kev faib cov tsheb khiav thiab kev ua tau zoo- ntawm- cov txheej txheem kev pabcuam uas tso cai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas qhov tseem ceeb- lub sijhawm yees duab thiab lub suab tsheb dhau qhov zoo tshaj plaws - siv internet cov ntaub ntawv.
GPON puas tuaj yeem hloov kho yam tsis tau hloov tag nrho cov fiber ntau?
Feem ntau, yog. Vim XGS-PON siv cov wavelengths sib txawv los ntawm GPON (1577 nm downstream thiab 1270 nm upstream piv rau 1490 nm thiab 1310 nm rau GPON), ob lub thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem sib faib tib lub fiber ntau thiab splitters ib txhij siv wavelength - faib multiplexing Tus neeg teb xov tooj hloov kho OLT daim npav thiab hloov ONTs ntawm ib qho ntawm - cov neeg siv khoom, thaum lub sijhawm ODN passive tseem nyob. Qhov kev muaj peev xwm ntawm kev sib koom ua ke no yog ib qho kev sib cav uas muaj zog tshaj plaws rau kev nqis peev hauv qib siab -kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thaum pib GPON xa tawm.
Ntev npaum li cas GPON tuaj yeem ncav cuag?
ITU-T G.984 tus qauv qhia qhov siab tshaj qhov sib txawv fiber ntau ntawm 20 km ntawm OLT thiab ONT qhov deb tshaj plaws. Qhov kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ib qho kev xa tawm tshwj xeeb yog nyob ntawm cov chav kawm siv nyiaj kho qhov muag (feem ntau Class B + ntawm 28 dB), qhov sib cais, thiab tag nrho cov khoom poob los ntawm fiber ntau, splices, connectors, thiab splitters. Mus txog cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv uas tau teev tseg hauv G.984.6 tuaj yeem thawb lub cev mus deb ntxiv hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.
Xaus
GPON tseem tseem ceeb hauv FTTH vim tias nws muab cov ntsiab lus pov thawj -rau-multipoint architecture, tag nrho cov nroj tsuag sab nraud, thiab cov peev txheej kev pabcuam uas tseem ua tau raws li feem ntau ntawm cov tsev nyob broadband xav tau. Nrog ntau dua 540 lab GPON FTTH cov neeg siv khoom thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev ua haujlwm ntsuab txuas ntxiv mus thoob plaws ntau lub tebchaws, nws nyob deb ntawm kev siv tsis tau. Tab sis GPON tau nkag siab zoo tshaj yog ib theem hauv PON evolution ntev dua - tsis yog qhov kawg ntawm qhov kawg. Cov neeg lag luam uas tsim lawv ODN nrog rau yav tom ntej nyob rau hauv lub siab, ua qauv lawv cov peev nyiaj kho qhov muag kom nruj, thiab npaj lawv cov kev hloov kho tshiab thaum ntxov yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm lawv cov peev txheej GPON thaum ua kom lub qhov rooj qhib rau XGS-PON, 25G-PON, thiab tshaj.
Yog tias koj tab tom npaj ib txoj haujlwm FTTH, qhov pib qhov tseeb yog ncaj nraim: txhais cov kev pabcuam sib xyaw, ua kom pom tseeb ntawm qhov sib faib thiab ncav cuag cov nyiaj siv kho qhov muag kom tiav, thiab txiav txim siab seb lub network puas yuav tsim los rau qhov kev thov niaj hnub no ib leeg lossis rau lub voj voog hloov tshiab tom ntej. Rau kev taw qhia ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom passive txoj cai-los ntawmfiber ntau optic cable installationtxhawm rau cais thiab xaiv cov khoom sib txuas- ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv fiber ntau paub txog tuaj yeem pab txhais cov kev txiav txim siab npaj rau hauv kev txhim khu kev qha, txhim kho- npaj network.
