Thaum nws los txog rau lo lus nug ntawm "tooj liab piv rau fiber ntau," feem ntau kev lag luam tes hauj lwm xav tau ob qho tib si.Fiber tuav lub nraub qaum - qhov ntev ntawm cov tsev, cov plag tsev, thiab cov cheeb tsam network. Copper tuav lub ntug - qhov kawg txuas rau lub rooj, xov tooj, koob yees duab, thiab nkag mus rau qhov chaw uas Power over Ethernet tseem ceeb. Cov lus nug tiag tiag tsis yog qhov twg cable zoo dua, tab sis qhov twg los kos kab ntawm lawv hauv koj lub network tshwj xeeb.
Phau ntawv qhia no taug kev los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov xwm txheej, yog li koj tuaj yeem phim qhov nruab nrab rau txhua qhov txuas hauv koj tus qauv tsim raws li qhov kev ncua deb, lub zog xav tau, ib puag ncig, thiab kev loj hlob yav tom ntej.
Copper vs Fiber at a Glance
| Qhov xwm txheej | Copper (Twisted -Pair Ethernet) | Fiber Optic |
|---|---|---|
| Nws ua haujlwm li cas | Hluav taws xob signals tshaj tooj liab hlau khub | Lub teeb pulses los ntawm iav los yog yas strands |
| Max qhov kev ncua deb | 100 m ibIEEE 802.3 / TSI-568 | 300 m–{1}} km nyob ntawm fiber ntau thiab optics |
| Kev them nyiaj yug PoE | Yog - mus txog 90W hauv qab IEEE 802.3bt | Tsis muaj |
| Hom luag haujlwm | Cov txheej txheem nkag: qhov kawg, rooj, APs, koob yees duab | Rov qab, uplinks, inter{0}}building, data center aggregation |
| EMI susceptibility | Susceptible (mitigated los ntawm shielding) | Tiv thaiv kab mob |
| Cable loj thiab hnyav | hnyav dua; loj bundles nyob rau hauv ntom khiav | thinner thiab sib dua; yooj yim dua nyob rau hauv nruj txoj kev |
| Scalability | Zoo rau txheej txheej; txwv tsis pub dhau 100 m | Muaj zog rau cov pob txha loj hlob thiab kev hloov kho bandwidth |
| Installation txuj ci | RJ45 txiav tawm - dav paub | Yuav tsum tau kawm cov kws kho mob; fusion splicing rau kev txuas mus tas li |
| Transceiver xav tau | Ua-hauv RJ45 chaw nres nkoj ntawm feem ntau cov keyboards | Yuav tsum muajSFP / SFP + transceivers |
Puas yog fiber ntau sai dua tooj liab?
Ntawm qhov nrawm feem ntau cov tuam txhab lag luam khiav niaj hnub no - 1 Gbps thiab 10 Gbps - tooj liab thiab fiber ntau xa tib qhov kev xa tawm. Cat6A tooj liab txuas khiav 10GBASE-T txav cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tib tus nqi raws li qhov sib txuas fiber ntau khiav 10GBASE-SR. Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ceev ntawm daim ntawv thov txheej.
Qhov twg fiber rub ua ntej yog headroom. Copper tops tawm ntawm10 Gbps tshaj Cat6A ntawm 100 meters. Fiber twb txhawb 25G, 40G, 100G, thiab dhau ntawm - feem ntau dhau ntawm tib lub cev cable, tsuas yog hloov cov transceivers ntawm txhua qhov kawg. Yog li fiber ntau tsis nrawm dua rau kev sib txuas niaj hnub no, tab sis nws muab rau koj txoj kev hloov kho dav dua yam tsis muaj re-cabling.
Yog tias koj xaiv ntawm tooj liab thiab fiber ntau, qhov ceev ntawm tus nqi tam sim no feem ntau tsis yog qhov kev txiav txim siab. Qhov deb, lub zog, thiab scalability tseem ceeb dua rau feem ntau qhov txuas.
Copper vs Fiber los ntawm Network Scenario
Tsis yog xav hauv cov kev paub daws teeb meem, nws yuav pab kom phim cov kev xaiv cable rau txhua qhov ntawm koj lub network tiag tiag. Nov yog qhov kev txiav txim siab ua li cas hauv cov xwm txheej kev lag luam feem ntau.
Office Floor lossis Branch Network
Ib qho chaw ua haujlwm hauv pem teb muaj kab rov tav khiav los ntawm lub txee dai khaub ncaws rau txhua lub rooj, xov tooj, chaw nkag, thiab tshuab luam ntawv. Cov kev khiav no yuav luag ib txwm nyob rau hauv 50 meters - zoo nyob rau hauv tooj liab qhov kev txwv 100-meter txhais los ntawm IEEE 802.3. Feem ntau ntawm cov ntsiab lus kawg no tseem xav tau PoE: wireless APs kos 15-30W, VoIP xov tooj kos 5-15W, thiab txhua tus ntawm lawv xav tau lub zog dhau ntawm tib lub cable uas nqa cov ntaub ntawv.
Copper yog qhov tseeb haum ntawm no. Ib qho Cat6A cable muab ob qho tib si cov ntaub ntawv thiab lub zog rau txhua qhov kawg, tsis muaj qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv lossis cais lub zog xav tau.
Fiber nkag mus rau hauv daim duab nkaus xwb ntawm uplink - kev sib txuas ntawm hauv pem teb hloov rov qab mus rau lub tsev tub ntxhais. Qhov kev sib txuas ntawd feem ntau khiav nruab nrab ntawm cov plag tsev lossis hla qhov kev ncua ntev uas cov fiber ntau ncav cuag qhov tseem ceeb.
Hom cais:tooj liab rau txhua qhov kev poob kab rov tav, fiber ntau rau uplink los ntawm pem teb IDF mus rau lub tsev MDF.
Campus Backbone los yog Inter-Building Link
Txhua qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov tsev sib cais yuav luag xav tau fiber ntau. Lub tsev - mus rau - lub tsev nyob deb li niaj zaus tshaj 100 meters, uas txwv tsis pub tooj liab tag nrho. Txawm tias thaum ob lub tsev zaum ze txaus rau tooj liab kom ncav cuag technically, fiber ntau tseem yog qhov kev xaiv muaj zog dua vim tias nws tshem tawm cov kev pheej hmoo hauv av ntawm cov tsev nrog cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib cais thiab tawm hauv chav rau kev hloov kho bandwidth.
Tib - hom fiber ntauyog tus qauv rau cov txuas no. Nws txhawb nqa khiav los ntawm ob peb puas meters mus rau kaum mais, thiab cov pob txha ceev tuaj yeem hloov kho mus rau 40G lossis 100G los ntawm kev sib pauv transceivers yam tsis tau kov cov nroj tsuag cable. Rau lub tsev kawm ntawv luv luv khiav qis dua 300 meters qhov twg nyiaj txiag teeb meem,Multimode fiber ntau (OM3 lossis OM4)tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau - tab sis ib zaug - hom yog qhov kev nyab xeeb ntev dua - lub sij hawm thawj koom ruam rau pob txha pob txha.
Hom cais:ib qho -mode fiber ntau rau txhua qhov kev sib tshuam - lub tsev txuas, tooj liab tsuas yog hauv txhua lub tsev ntawm txheej nkag.
IP soj ntsuam thiab Wireless AP Deployment
Cov koob yees duab thiab cov ntsiab lus nkag wireless yuav luag ib txwm xav tau PoE - uas txhais tau tias qhov kawg cable rau lub cuab yeej yuav tsum yog tooj liab. Tab sis hauv kev xa tawm loj dua, cov koob yees duab lossis APs tau nthuav dav thoob plaws ib lub chaw uas loj heev rau tooj liab ncav cuag los ntawm ib lub txee dai khaub ncaws.
Cov txheej txheem kev daws teeb meem yog ib qho kev tsim qauv: fiber ntau khiav los ntawm lub ntsiab faib thav duab mus rau nruab nrab faib thav duab (IDFs) nyob thoob plaws hauv lub tsev lossis qhov chaw, tom qab ntawd luv tooj liab khiav los ntawm txhua qhov IDF hloov mus rau cov koob yees duab nyob ze lossis APs. Qhov no ua rau txhua tus tooj liab khiav nyob rau hauv qhov kev ncua deb thaum muab lub nraub qaum mus txog qhov nws xav tau.
PoE hwj chim theem tseem ceeb ntawm no thiab. Standard PoE (802.3af) xa mus txog 15.4W - txaus rau cov koob yees duab yooj yim thiab xov tooj. PoE+ (802.3at) xa 30W rau siab dua -kev ua tau zoo APs. Rau PTZ koob yees duab lossis cov khoom siv nrog cov cua sov,IEEE 802.3bt (PoE++) txhawb nqa txog 90W, tab sis yuav tsum tau Cat5e lossis zoo dua cabling thiab hloov tau tshaj.
Hom cais:fiber ntau rau txoj kev ntws los ntawm MDF mus rau txhua IDF, tooj liab rau txhua qhov kawg PoE poob rau lub cuab yeej.
Data Center thiab High -Density Aggregation
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw ib puag ncig, fiber ntau dominates interconnect thiab aggregation txheej. Siab -densityMPO / MTP fiber ntau cableenables 40G thiab 100G txuas nyob rau hauv compact daim ntawv yam uas yuav impractical nrog tooj liab. tooj liab tseem tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg rau zaub mov nkag txheej hauv qee lub chaw lag luam cov ntaub ntawv - Cat6A rau 10GBASE-T kev sib txuas - tab sis qhov sib txawv tau hloov mus rau fiber ntau thiab ncaj qha- txuas tooj liab (DAC) cables rau ze li txhua yam dhau ntawm ib lub khib nyiab.
Hom cais:fiber ntau rau txha nraub qaum-rau- nplooj ntawv sib txuas thiab sib sau ua ke uplinks, tooj liab lossis DAC tsuas yog luv luv hauv - khib kev sib txuas.
Hybrid Architecture: Yuav Ua Li Cas Feem Ntau Cov Networks Ua Haujlwm
Nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua qhov teeb meem, cov lus teb tsis yog tooj liab dawb lossis ntshiab fiber ntau - nws yog txheej txheej tsim uas txhua qhov nruab nrab ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws.
Tus txheej txheem enterprise hybrid architecture zoo li no:
- Core / qaum:ib leeg- hom fiber ntau txuas cov tsev, pem teb, thiab cov cheeb tsam loj. Cov kev sib txuas no muaj kev sib sau ua ke thiab xav tau kev ncua deb, bandwidth headroom, thiab EMI kev tiv thaiv.
- Distribution / uplinks:fiber ntau (ib zaug-mode lossis multimode) txuas kev nkag mus- txheej hloov rov qab mus rau kev faib lossis cov hloov pauv tseem ceeb. Cov kev sib txuas no yuav khiav 100-500 meters vertically los ntawm risers lossis kab rov tav hla cov plag tsev loj.
- Access / ntug:tooj liab (Cat6 lossis Cat6A) muab qhov kawg txuas rau txhua qhov kawg - rooj, xov tooj, koob yees duab, APs, tshuab luam ntawv. Cov khiav no luv luv, xav tau PoE, thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm tooj liab qhov yooj yim.
Qhov no tsis yog kev sib haum xeeb. Nws yog txoj hauv kev tsim cov qauv cabling zoo liTSI-568yog tsim los ua haujlwm - nrog cov hom xov xwm lees paub rau txhua txheej thiab thaj tsam meej ntawm kab rov tav tooj liab thiab qaum qaum fiber ntau. Thaum ib tug neeg nug "tooj liab lossis fiber ntau," cov lus teb muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws yog "ob leeg, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw."
Xaiv txoj cai Cable rau txhua qhov txuas
Rau txhua tus neeg cable khiav hauv koj lub network, ua haujlwm los ntawm cov lus nug no hauv kev txiav txim:
Puas yog qhov kev khiav dhau 100 meters?Yog tias muaj → fiber. Tooj liab tsis tuaj yeem ntseeg tau ua haujlwm dhau qhov kev txwv no raws li IEEE 802.3. Xaivtib -mode (OS2)rau kev khiav dhau 300 meters lossis qhov kev ncua deb yav tom ntej yog ua tau; multimode (OM3 / OM4) rau luv fiber ntau khiav hauv ib lub tsev.
Puas yog qhov kawg xav tau PoE?Yog tias muaj → qhov kawg txuas yuav tsum yog tooj liab. Fiber tsis tuaj yeem nqa hluav taws xob. Yog hais tias txoj kev ntws ntws mus ntev heev rau tooj liab, siv fiber ntau rau cov dej ntws thiab txiav tawm ntawm PoE hloov ze ntawm qhov kawg, ces khiav tooj liab rau ntu kawg.
Puas yog txoj kev hla cov tsev, thaj chaw sab nraum zoov, lossis thaj chaw muaj hluav taws xob tsis zoo?Yog tias muaj → nyiam fiber ntau. Nws tiv thaiv EMI, zam cov teeb meem hauv av ntawm cov tsev, thiabxoob-tube fiber ntau cabletswj qhov kub thiab noo noo zoo tshaj tooj liab nyob rau sab nraum zoov lossis hnyav -kev khiav haujlwm ib puag ncig.
Qhov no puas yog pob txha caj qaum, uplink, lossis kev sib sau ua ke uas xav tau los txhawb kev loj hlob bandwidth?Yog tias muaj → fiber. Txhim kho lub pob txha fiber ntau los ntawm 10G rau 40G lossis 100G feem ntau yuav tsum tsuas yog cov transceivers tshiab, tsis yog cable tshiab. Copper backbone links feem ntau xav tau tag nrho re-kab kab mob thaum yuav tsum tau bandwidth nce.
Feem ntau yuam kev thaum piv tooj liab thiab fiber ntau
Piv txwv tias fiber ntau yuav tsum hloov tooj liab txhua qhov chaw.Lub wireless AP mounted 20 meters los ntawm IDF xav tau PoE thiab ib qho yooj yim tooj liab poob. Khiav fiber ntau rau nws yuav xav tau ib qho hluav taws xob sib cais lossis kev tshaj tawm xov xwm nrog PoE txhaj - ntxiv qhov nyuaj uas tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.
Piv txwv tias tooj liab tuaj yeem ua txhua yam kev hloov kho yav tom ntej.Copper ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem nkag, tab sis cov pob txha caj qaum ua rau tooj liab ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog thaum tsheb loj tuaj. Cov pob txha fiber ntau tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm kev sib pauv transceivers; qaum tooj liab feem ntau txhais tau tias re-kab.
Xaiv raws li qhov ceev xwb.Ntawm 1G thiab 10G, tooj liab thiab fiber ntau xa tib cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi. Qhov kev txiav txim siab tiag tiag yog qhov nyob deb, PoE, ib puag ncig, thiab scalability - tsis dhau ntawm qhov nrawm tam sim no.
Kho qhov kev txiav txim siab tag nrho -los yog - tsis muaj dab tsi.Cov qauv tsim muaj zog tshaj plaws siv tooj liab thiab fiber ntau ua ke, txhua qhov nws haum zoo tshaj plaws. Kev quab yuam ib qho nruab nrab rau hauv txhua lub luag haujlwm ib txwm tsim kev lag luam tsis tsim nyog- tawm.
Tsis nco qab txog qhov xav tau ntawm transceiver thiab connector.Txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj fiber ntau xav tau ib qhooptical transceiver thiab tshaj connector. Txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj tooj liab xav tau kev txiav thiab kuaj kom raug. Tsis yog qhov nruab nrab tiag tiag "plug thiab ua si" ntawm qhov ntsuas - ob leeg xav tau kev npaj rau tag nrho cov nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, tsis yog tus nqi cable ib meter xwb.
Cov lus nug nquag
Kuv qhov chaw ua haujlwm muaj 50 qhov chaw ua haujlwm nyob rau ib pem teb. Kuv puas xav tau fiber ntau?
Rau kab rov tav khiav mus rau txhua lub rooj, xov tooj, thiab AP - tsis yog. Tooj liab tuav cov kev sib txuas zoo kawg nkaus. Tab sis koj tseem yuav xav tau fiber ntau rau qhov uplink los ntawm koj lub hauv pem teb hloov mus rau qhov hloov pauv tseem ceeb lossis router, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias txoj kev ntawd hla hauv pem teb los yog khiav ntau dua li luv luv. Txawm tias lub chaw ua haujlwm me me tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm fiber ntau uplink rau kev loj hlob bandwidth yav tom ntej.
Cat6A puas tuaj yeem hloov fiber ntau rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov plag tsev?
Nws tuaj yeem, tsuav yog qhov kev khiav qis dua 100 meters nrog rau cov hlua khi ntawm ob qho kawg. Rau ob- lossis peb- zaj dab neeg lub tsev nrog txoj kev luv luv, Cat6A nruab nrab ntawm - kev sib txuas hauv pem teb tuaj yeem ua haujlwm. Tab sis rau cov tsev siab dua lossis thaum koj xav tias yuav xav tau ntau dua 10G ntawm cov kev sib txuas yav tom ntej, fiber ntau yog qhov kev nqis peev zoo dua vim tias nws zam tsis rov qab -kab kab tom qab.
Puas muaj fiber ntau nqa fais fab hla Ethernet?
Tsis yog. PoE xav tau tooj liab conductors xa DC lub zog. Yog tias koj qhov kawg xav tau PoE, qhov kawg kev sib txuas yuav tsum yog tooj liab. Txoj kab txuas txuas tuaj yeem yog fiber ntau, tab sis PoE- muaj peev xwm hloov pauv yuav tsum zaum ntawm thaj tsam ntawm txoj kev fiber ntau thiab cov tooj liab poob rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob.
Puas yog kev kho fiber ntau nyuaj dua tooj liab?
Fiber txiav thiab splicing yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb kev txawj ntau tshaj RJ45 crimping, thiabfiber ntau installationxav kom ceev faj tuav kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj. Tab sis ib zaug ntsia, fiber ntau yog ua tau ntev dua nyob rau lub sijhawm - nws tiv thaiv corrosion, EMI, thiab ntau yam ib puag ncig uas degrade tooj liab. Hnub-rau- hnub tu feem ntau yog ua kom cov khoom sib txuas huv thiab tshuaj xyuas.
Thaum twg lub network xav tau tooj liab thiab fiber ntau?
Yuav luag ib txwm, hauv kev xyaum. Txhua lub network uas muaj ob qho tib si ntev -kev sib txuas (nruab nrab ntawm cov tsev, hauv pem teb, lossis ib cheeb tsam) thiab PoE qhov kawg (APs, koob yees duab, xov tooj) yog lub network sib txuas los ntawm kev txhais. Lub nraub qaum khiav fiber ntau, ntug khiav tooj liab, thiab PoE hloov ntawm txhua qhov chaw faib khoom txuas ob.
Dab tsi yog qhov ntev tshaj plaws rau tooj liab Ethernet cable?
IEEE 802.3 tus qauv qhia txog 100 meters raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws channel ntev rau twisted -pair Ethernet (Cat5e txog Cat6A). Qhov no suav nrog txog li 90 meters ntawm qhov txuas mus tas li thiab mus txog 10 meters ntawm txoj hlua khi. Tshaj li qhov kev txwv no, lub teeb liab zoo poob qis dua qhov pib rau kev lag luam txhim khu kev qha.
Xaus
Rau feem ntau cov tuam txhab lag luam, qhov kev txiav txim siab tooj liab vs fiber ntau tsis yog hais txog kev xaiv ib qho ntawm lwm qhov. Nws yog hais txog qhov muab txhua qhov nruab nrab qhov twg nws ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Fiber belongs rau lub caj qaum - inter- tsev txuas, pem teb- mus rau -pem teb risers, thiab aggregation paths nyob deb, bandwidth headroom, thiab ib puag ncig resilience teeb meem. Tooj yog nyob ntawm ntug - qhov kawg khiav mus rau txhua lub rooj, AP, lub koob yees duab, thiab xov tooj uas PoE thiab kev sib txuas yooj yim yog qhov tseem ceeb.
